英語(yǔ)四級(jí)短文聽(tīng)力的2種猜答案技巧
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四級(jí)聽(tīng)力
短文聽(tīng)力理解題特別注重對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的考查。所謂細(xì)節(jié)，從提問(wèn)的角度來(lái)看，就是常說(shuō)的幾個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)詞：what，when，why，who，how，where。在2001年1月至2007年6月期間，共有10次考過(guò)短文聽(tīng)力，其中出現(xiàn)what問(wèn)句71次，why問(wèn)句15次，how問(wèn)句10次，when問(wèn)句4次，who問(wèn)句、where問(wèn)句各2次。由此可以看出．“短文具體說(shuō)了什么”是這種試題的主要考查目的。
錦囊妙計(jì)1：一頭一尾。決定成敗
如果說(shuō)．短文聽(tīng)力只要聽(tīng)懂短文的開(kāi)頭與結(jié)尾就能得到較好的成績(jī)，這絲毫不令人意外。為了進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明短文聽(tīng)力理解題頭尾句的作用，我們先看幾個(gè)例子。
【例】 1. A) The art of saying thank you.
B) The secret of staying pretty.
C) The importance of good manners.
D) The difference between elegance and good manners.
2. A) They were nicer and gentler.
B) They paid more attention to their appearance.
C) They were willing to spend more money on clothes.
D) They were more aware of changes in fashion.
3. A) By decorating our homes.
B) By being kind and generous.
C) By wearing fashionable clothes.
D) By putting on a little make-up.
【錄音】Do you remember a time when people were a little nicer and gentler with each other? I certainly do (中間的大段話都沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂) Good manners add to your image, while an angry face makes the best dressed person look ugly.
Q1: What is the passage mainly about?
Q2: What does the speaker say about people of the past?
Q3: According to the speaker, how can we best improve our image?
[2004．1／Passage One]
【解析】Q1：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是名詞性詞組。這是一道主旨大意題。“聽(tīng)到什么選什么”。manners在原文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)該能夠聽(tīng)到；如果沒(méi)有幻聽(tīng)，應(yīng)該不會(huì)聽(tīng)到elegance吧?答案為C。Q2：短文第一句話原詞再現(xiàn)．聽(tīng)到什么選什么。答案為A。Q3：如果不是選擇題，麗是問(wèn)答題，我們會(huì)毫不猶豫地回答說(shuō)：Good manners。似乎沒(méi)有用上“聽(tīng)到什么選什么”的技巧，不過(guò)，同義替換也沒(méi)有什么可怕的。——記住，短文聽(tīng)力理解中．一般不會(huì)有同音干擾，所以不會(huì)有問(wèn)題的。答案為B。
做了上面這篇短文聽(tīng)力理解，讀者也許會(huì)嚇一跳：啊!短文的聽(tīng)力理解原來(lái)這么……(都不知該用什么語(yǔ)言表達(dá)了!)不是說(shuō)很難嗎?其實(shí)也不盡然啊!聽(tīng)懂兩句話．就解決問(wèn)題了!
短文聽(tīng)力魔力法寶：短文開(kāi)頭與結(jié)尾的關(guān)鍵詞揭示主題內(nèi)容．是解題的重要依據(jù)。與“聽(tīng)到什么選什么”原則相結(jié)合．這些核心詞就成為正確答題的鑰匙。
錦囊妙計(jì)2：語(yǔ)義突出之處．必是出題關(guān)鍵
在聽(tīng)力理解題目中，語(yǔ)義突出的方式頗多。
首先而且主要的語(yǔ)義突出方式就是通過(guò)語(yǔ)音現(xiàn)象來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。這一點(diǎn)，稍加注意便可體會(huì)到：關(guān)鍵之處，往往前后停頓時(shí)間稍長(zhǎng)；重要單詞，往往讀得響亮又清晰。
其次，為了與這種語(yǔ)義突出作用相匹配，在詞匯上也會(huì)有一些特點(diǎn)。比如：the only，the first，the perfect setting等等。這些詞的共同特點(diǎn)是，對(duì)所修飾的對(duì)象起著突出的作用。
第三，在語(yǔ)法上，語(yǔ)義突出的方式也令人側(cè)目：because，but，however都能帶來(lái)新的信息；最高級(jí)形式的形容詞，表示目的的不定式，都會(huì)獲得句子重音。
第四，在篇章結(jié)構(gòu)上，起承轉(zhuǎn)合之處，排序列舉之處，均為顯“耳”之處，萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不可忽視。這些語(yǔ)義突出之處，必有題目考查。
【例2】1. A) Beauty. B) Loyalty.
C) Luck. D) Durability.
2. A) He wanted to follow the tradition of his country.
B) He believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage.
C) It was thought a blood vessel in that finger led directly to the heart.
D) It was supposed that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck.
3. A) The two people can learn about each other's likes and dislikes.
B) The two people can have time to decide if they are a good match.
C) The two people can have time to shop for their new home.
D) The two people can earn enough money for their wedding.
【錄音】The period of engagement is the time between the marriage proposal and the wedding ceremony... The diamond represented beauty; he placed it on the third finger of her left hand. He chose that finger because it was thought that the blood vessel in that finger went directly to the heart... Many people say the purpose of the engagement period is to permit enough time to plan the wedding. But the main purpose is to let enough time pass so the two people are sure that, they want to marry each other... Q1: What was the diamond ring said to represent? Q2: Why did the Austrian man place the diamond ring on the third finger of the left hand of his would-be wife? Q3: What is the chief advantage of having the engagement period? [2005.6/Passage Three]
【解析】Q1：聽(tīng)到什么選什么。短文中的beauty必定重讀，它后面有稍許停頓，顯得異常響亮。只有思想開(kāi)小差的人才聽(tīng)不到這個(gè)詞。答案為A。Q2：如果作為閱讀理解題，問(wèn)題中的why與短文中的because當(dāng)然很醒目。但是．在聽(tīng)力理解過(guò)程中，要聽(tīng)清楚轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的because，平時(shí)還是要多加練習(xí)。不錯(cuò)，它是一個(gè)很有用的信號(hào)詞，告訴我們答案之所在．但是，如果耳朵不好使，好計(jì)策也會(huì)落空的!答案為C。Q3：本題的答案，短文中也有顯著的標(biāo)志engagement period。訓(xùn)練耳朵敏銳捕捉“重點(diǎn)”信息的能力，何其重要!我們實(shí)在不必完全聽(tīng)懂全文．但絕對(duì)付不起聽(tīng)不到如此響亮的關(guān)鍵詞的代價(jià)。答案為B。
小結(jié)：本例所有題目，都完全符合“聽(tīng)到什么選什么”的戰(zhàn)術(shù)原則。
錦囊妙計(jì)1：一頭一尾。決定成敗
如果說(shuō)．短文聽(tīng)力只要聽(tīng)懂短文的開(kāi)頭與結(jié)尾就能得到較好的成績(jī)，這絲毫不令人意外。為了進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明短文聽(tīng)力理解題頭尾句的作用，我們先看幾個(gè)例子。
【例】 1. A) The art of saying thank you.
B) The secret of staying pretty.
C) The importance of good manners.
D) The difference between elegance and good manners.
2. A) They were nicer and gentler.
B) They paid more attention to their appearance.
C) They were willing to spend more money on clothes.
D) They were more aware of changes in fashion.
3. A) By decorating our homes.
B) By being kind and generous.
C) By wearing fashionable clothes.
D) By putting on a little make-up.
【錄音】Do you remember a time when people were a little nicer and gentler with each other? I certainly do (中間的大段話都沒(méi)有聽(tīng)懂) Good manners add to your image, while an angry face makes the best dressed person look ugly.
Q1: What is the passage mainly about?
Q2: What does the speaker say about people of the past?
Q3: According to the speaker, how can we best improve our image?
[2004．1／Passage One]
【解析】Q1：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是名詞性詞組。這是一道主旨大意題。“聽(tīng)到什么選什么”。manners在原文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)該能夠聽(tīng)到；如果沒(méi)有幻聽(tīng)，應(yīng)該不會(huì)聽(tīng)到elegance吧?答案為C。Q2：短文第一句話原詞再現(xiàn)．聽(tīng)到什么選什么。答案為A。Q3：如果不是選擇題，麗是問(wèn)答題，我們會(huì)毫不猶豫地回答說(shuō)：Good manners。似乎沒(méi)有用上“聽(tīng)到什么選什么”的技巧，不過(guò)，同義替換也沒(méi)有什么可怕的。——記住，短文聽(tīng)力理解中．一般不會(huì)有同音干擾，所以不會(huì)有問(wèn)題的。答案為B。
做了上面這篇短文聽(tīng)力理解，讀者也許會(huì)嚇一跳：啊!短文的聽(tīng)力理解原來(lái)這么……(都不知該用什么語(yǔ)言表達(dá)了!)不是說(shuō)很難嗎?其實(shí)也不盡然啊!聽(tīng)懂兩句話．就解決問(wèn)題了!
短文聽(tīng)力魔力法寶：短文開(kāi)頭與結(jié)尾的關(guān)鍵詞揭示主題內(nèi)容．是解題的重要依據(jù)。與“聽(tīng)到什么選什么”原則相結(jié)合．這些核心詞就成為正確答題的鑰匙。
錦囊妙計(jì)2：語(yǔ)義突出之處．必是出題關(guān)鍵
在聽(tīng)力理解題目中，語(yǔ)義突出的方式頗多。
首先而且主要的語(yǔ)義突出方式就是通過(guò)語(yǔ)音現(xiàn)象來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。這一點(diǎn)，稍加注意便可體會(huì)到：關(guān)鍵之處，往往前后停頓時(shí)間稍長(zhǎng)；重要單詞，往往讀得響亮又清晰。
其次，為了與這種語(yǔ)義突出作用相匹配，在詞匯上也會(huì)有一些特點(diǎn)。比如：the only，the first，the perfect setting等等。這些詞的共同特點(diǎn)是，對(duì)所修飾的對(duì)象起著突出的作用。
第三，在語(yǔ)法上，語(yǔ)義突出的方式也令人側(cè)目：because，but，however都能帶來(lái)新的信息；最高級(jí)形式的形容詞，表示目的的不定式，都會(huì)獲得句子重音。
第四，在篇章結(jié)構(gòu)上，起承轉(zhuǎn)合之處，排序列舉之處，均為顯“耳”之處，萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不可忽視。這些語(yǔ)義突出之處，必有題目考查。
【例2】1. A) Beauty. B) Loyalty.
C) Luck. D) Durability.
2. A) He wanted to follow the tradition of his country.
B) He believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage.
C) It was thought a blood vessel in that finger led directly to the heart.
D) It was supposed that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck.
3. A) The two people can learn about each other's likes and dislikes.
B) The two people can have time to decide if they are a good match.
C) The two people can have time to shop for their new home.
D) The two people can earn enough money for their wedding.
【錄音】The period of engagement is the time between the marriage proposal and the wedding ceremony... The diamond represented beauty; he placed it on the third finger of her left hand. He chose that finger because it was thought that the blood vessel in that finger went directly to the heart... Many people say the purpose of the engagement period is to permit enough time to plan the wedding. But the main purpose is to let enough time pass so the two people are sure that, they want to marry each other... Q1: What was the diamond ring said to represent? Q2: Why did the Austrian man place the diamond ring on the third finger of the left hand of his would-be wife? Q3: What is the chief advantage of having the engagement period? [2005.6/Passage Three]
【解析】Q1：聽(tīng)到什么選什么。短文中的beauty必定重讀，它后面有稍許停頓，顯得異常響亮。只有思想開(kāi)小差的人才聽(tīng)不到這個(gè)詞。答案為A。Q2：如果作為閱讀理解題，問(wèn)題中的why與短文中的because當(dāng)然很醒目。但是．在聽(tīng)力理解過(guò)程中，要聽(tīng)清楚轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的because，平時(shí)還是要多加練習(xí)。不錯(cuò)，它是一個(gè)很有用的信號(hào)詞，告訴我們答案之所在．但是，如果耳朵不好使，好計(jì)策也會(huì)落空的!答案為C。Q3：本題的答案，短文中也有顯著的標(biāo)志engagement period。訓(xùn)練耳朵敏銳捕捉“重點(diǎn)”信息的能力，何其重要!我們實(shí)在不必完全聽(tīng)懂全文．但絕對(duì)付不起聽(tīng)不到如此響亮的關(guān)鍵詞的代價(jià)。答案為B。
小結(jié)：本例所有題目，都完全符合“聽(tīng)到什么選什么”的戰(zhàn)術(shù)原則。