必胜高考网_全国高考备考和志愿填报信息平台

必勝高考網 > 外語類 > 英語六級 > 語法 >

六級基礎語法虛擬語氣講解

時間: 焯杰2 語法

  1) 表示與現在情況相反:主句謂語用“would / could / might +動詞原形”,從句謂語用“動詞的一般過去時”(動詞be的過去式一律用were)。

  If I were you, I would not accept his offer.

  If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you.

  2) 表示與過去情況相反:主句謂語用“would / could / might + have +過去分詞”,從句謂語用過去完成時。

  If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.

  If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam.

  3) 表示與將來情況相反:主句謂語用“would / could / might +動詞原形”,從句謂語用“were +動詞不定式”或“should +動詞原形”。

  If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study.

  If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you.

  2. 虛擬條件句連接詞if的省略

  如果虛擬條件句的從句中含有were, had, should, could等詞時,可以省略連接詞if,但這時必須把were, had, should, could等詞移到主語前面,形成倒裝。這種句型主要用于書面形式。

  Were I to do the job, I would finish doing it within two weeks.

  Had it not been for his help, we couldn’t have arrived there on time.

  Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

  3. wish后賓語從句中的謂語構成

  動詞wish后的賓語從句表示未實現的或不可能實現的愿望,其賓語從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣,有以下三種構成形式。

  1) 表示現在不可能實現的愿望,賓語從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時。(be的過去式為were)。

  I wish I had enough money to buy a car.

  I wish I were as young and energetic as you.

  2) 表示過去未能實現的愿望,賓語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時(had +過去分詞)或“would / could + have +過去分詞 ”。

  I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.

  I wish I could have done it better.

  3) 表示將來不可能實現的愿望,賓語從句中的謂語動詞用“would / should (could, might) +動詞原形”。

  I wish I would not get old.

  I wish I could travel around the world one day.

  4. 某些動詞后的賓語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣

  在一些動詞后面的賓語從句中,謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。這時,謂語動詞用動詞原形或should +動詞原形。這類動詞一般表示命令,要求,決定,建議,主張等概念,主要有:advise, ask, command, decide, demand, desire, direct, insist, move, order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest,等。

  The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised by 10 per cent.

  The teacher decided that you do the experiment first.

  5. 某些名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣

  在一些名詞后面的表語從句和同位語從句中,謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。這時,謂語動詞用動詞原形或should +動詞原形。這類名詞一般表示命令,要求,決定,建議,主張等概念,主要有:advice, idea, instruction, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion,等。

  My suggestion is that we (should) send for a doctor immediately.

  He gave the order that they (should) do the experiment again.

  6. 錯綜時間條件句

  條件從句表示的動作和主句表示的動作,有時發生的時間是不一致的.如從句是對過去情況的假設,而主句可能是對現在正在進行情況的假設。 這種句子稱為錯綜時間條件句.

  If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better.

  7. 某些主語從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣

  某些表示命令,要求,決定,建議,主張以及“重要性”和“緊迫性”等概念的主語從句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。這時,謂語動詞用動詞原形或should +動詞原形。這類主語從句一般由 “It is (was) + 形容詞/過去分詞 + that引導的從句”構成。該結構中,常用的形容詞主要有:advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, urgent, vital等;常用的過去分詞主要有:arranged, decided, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, suggested等。

  It is necessary that you (should) stop smoking so heavily.

  It is arranged that you (should) enter for this competition.

  8. as if / though引起的從句

  當as if / though引起的從句所表達的內容完全與實際情況相反或者純粹是一種假設時,通常要用虛擬語氣。如果從句表示與現在的事實相反,謂語動詞用一般過去時;如果從句表示與過去的事實相反,謂語動詞用過去完成時;如果從句表示與將來的事實相反,謂語動詞用would (might, could) + 動詞原形;

  They talked as if they had been friends for years.

  I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.

  It looks as if it might rain.

  Note: 如果as if / though引起的從句所表達的內容被看作是事實或者有可能是真實的,則要用陳述語氣。

  It seems as if it is going to rain.

  The meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.

  9. lest, for fear that和 in case引起的從句

  當lest, for fear that和 in case表示“以免,以防,生怕,惟恐”等時,在它們引起的從句中,謂語動詞常用should + 動詞原形。

  He ran away lest he should be seen.

  He’s working hard for fear that he should fall behind.

  He left early in case he should miss the last train.

  10. If only引出的從句

  If only引出的從句用以表達感嘆性的愿望,常譯為“要是…就好了”。If only從句經常省略結果主句,且主要用在虛擬語氣中,即從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時表示現在或將來不可能實現的愿望,或用過去完成時表示過去沒有實現的愿望。

  If only the rain would stop.

  If only I’d listened to my parents.

  Note: if only引出的句子偶爾也可使用陳述語氣,但考生須注意的是,在各類測試中一般都以用虛擬語氣為正確答案。

  11. would rather(that)引出的從句

  would rather意為“寧愿”,接從句時常省略關系代詞that。would rather后的從句要用虛擬語氣,即從句謂語動詞用一般過去時表示現在或將來的愿望,用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的愿望。

  I’d rather you told me the truth.

  I would rather you came tomorrow than today.

  I’d rather you hadn’t told me about it.

  12. It is (about/high) time (that) 句型

  該句型表示“(早)該做…”,其后的定語從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣表示。在測試中從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時。

  It is time that we went to bed.

  It is high time that somebody taught you to behave yourself.

  13. 表示猜測的幾種不同的方法及意義

  一些情態動詞與動詞的完成式連用能夠表示對過去情況的猜測或者未實現的可能性。

  1) could have + 過去分詞

  A. 表示對過去可能發生的事情的推測,意為,“可能做了某事”。

  He couldn’t have seen her yesterday.

  They could have lost their way.

  B. 表示某事在過去本有可能發生,但事實上并未發生,意為,“本可以做某事”。

  We could have started a little earlier.

  I could have killed her. It was a narrow escape.

  2) may (might) have + 過去分詞

  A. 表示對過去情況的推測,意為,“可能已做某事”。

  He may have heard the news.

  I might have come to a wrong conclusion.

  B. 表示一種未實現的可能性,即本可以做某事,而實際上并沒有做,有時含有抱怨的口吻。

  It was a narrow escape. You might have killed yourself.

  A lot of men died who might have been saved.

  3) must have + 過去分詞

  表示邏輯上的必然性,即按照某些現象推斷過去肯定發生過的某事。

  She must have made a big mistake.

  The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.

  4) needn’t have + 過去分詞

  表示過去不必做某事,但已經做了,即本可不必做某事。

  You needn’t have woken me up. I don’t have to go to work today.

  He needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.

  5) should / ought to have + 過去分詞

  表示過去應該做某事而實際上沒有做。

  You should / ought to have done what your parents told you. (But you failed to do it.)

  You should / ought to have been more careful. (But you weren’t.)

  6) shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have + 過去分詞

  表示過去不應該做某事而實際上卻做了。

  You shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have crossed the road when the lights were red. (But you did.)

  They shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have left so soon. (But they did.)

  7) would have + 過去分詞

  表示對現在或將來某時之前業已完成的動作的推測。可譯為,“可能”、“也許”、“想必”。

  He would have arrived by now.

  She would have recovered by then.

  以上就是學習啦小編為大家帶來的六級基礎語法虛擬語氣講解,希望對各位考生的復習備考有所幫助。

66755 主站蜘蛛池模板: 冷柜风机-冰柜电机-罩极电机-外转子风机-EC直流电机厂家-杭州金久电器有限公司 | 中高频感应加热设备|高频淬火设备|超音频感应加热电源|不锈钢管光亮退火机|真空管烤消设备 - 郑州蓝硕工业炉设备有限公司 | 合肥展厅设计-安徽展台设计-合肥展览公司-安徽奥美展览工程有限公司 | 外贮压-柜式-悬挂式-七氟丙烷-灭火器-灭火系统-药剂-价格-厂家-IG541-混合气体-贮压-非贮压-超细干粉-自动-灭火装置-气体灭火设备-探火管灭火厂家-东莞汇建消防科技有限公司 | 玉米深加工设备|玉米加工机械|玉米加工设备|玉米深加工机械-河南成立粮油机械有限公司 | 耐酸碱胶管_耐腐蚀软管总成_化学品输送软管_漯河利通液压科技耐油耐磨喷砂软管|耐腐蚀化学软管 | 工装定制/做厂家/公司_工装订做/制价格/费用-北京圣达信工装 | 天津次氯酸钠酸钙溶液-天津氢氧化钠厂家-天津市辅仁化工有限公司 | 碎石机设备-欧版反击破-欧版颚式破碎机(站)厂家_山东奥凯诺机械 高低温试验箱-模拟高低温试验箱订制-北京普桑达仪器科技有限公司【官网】 | 定做大型恒温循环水浴槽-工业用不锈钢恒温水箱-大容量低温恒温水槽-常州精达仪器 | 青岛代理记账_青岛李沧代理记账公司_青岛崂山代理记账一个月多少钱_青岛德辉财税事务所官网 | 新型锤式破碎机_新型圆锥式_新型颚式破碎机_反击式打沙机_锤式制砂机_青州建源机械 | 杭州用友|用友软件|用友财务软件|用友ERP系统--杭州协友软件官网 | 云南丰泰挖掘机修理厂-挖掘机维修,翻新,再制造的大型企业-云南丰泰工程机械维修有限公司 | 儋州在线-儋州招聘找工作、找房子、找对象,儋州综合生活信息门户! | 岩棉切条机厂家_玻璃棉裁条机_水泥基保温板设备-廊坊鹏恒机械 | 定硫仪,量热仪,工业分析仪,马弗炉,煤炭化验设备厂家,煤质化验仪器,焦炭化验设备鹤壁大德煤质工业分析仪,氟氯测定仪 | 探伤仪,漆膜厚度测试仪,轮胎花纹深度尺厂家-淄博创宇电子 | 广东成考网-广东成人高考网| 洛阳网站建设_洛阳网站优化_网站建设平台_洛阳香河网络科技有限公司 | 挤出机_橡胶挤出机_塑料挤出机_胶片冷却机-河北伟源橡塑设备有限公司 | 电梯乘运质量测试仪_电梯安全评估测试仪-武汉懿之刻 | 北京律师事务所_房屋拆迁律师_24小时免费法律咨询_云合专业律师网 | 昆山新莱洁净应用材料股份有限公司-卫生级蝶阀,无菌取样阀,不锈钢隔膜阀,换向阀,离心泵 | 雨水收集系统厂家-雨水收集利用-模块雨水收集池-徐州博智环保科技有限公司 | 香港新时代国际美容美发化妆美甲培训学校-26年培训经验,值得信赖! | 天津市能谱科技有限公司-专业的红外光谱仪_红外测油仪_紫外测油仪_红外制样附件_傅里叶红外光谱技术生产服务厂商 | 品牌广告服务平台,好排名,好流量,好生意。 | 自动配料系统_称重配料控制系统厂家| 防爆电机生产厂家,YBK3电动机,YBX3系列防爆电机,YBX4节防爆电机--河南省南洋防爆电机有限公司 | 知企服务-企业综合服务(ZiKeys.com)-品优低价、种类齐全、过程管理透明、速度快捷高效、放心服务,知企专家! | 六自由度平台_六自由度运动平台_三自由度摇摆台—南京全控科技 | 陶氏道康宁消泡剂_瓦克消泡剂_蓝星_海明斯德谦_广百进口消泡剂 | FFU_空气初效|中效|高效过滤器_空调过滤网-广州梓净净化设备有限公司 | 海德莱电力(HYDELEY)-无功补偿元器件生产厂家-二十年专业从事电力电容器 | 翰墨AI智能写作助手官网_人工智能问答在线AI写作免费一键生成 | 市政路灯_厂家-淄博信达电力科技有限公司 | 首页-瓜尔胶系列-化工单体系列-油田压裂助剂-瓜尔胶厂家-山东广浦生物科技有限公司 | 步进驱动器「一体化」步进电机品牌厂家-一体式步进驱动 | 地图标注-手机导航电子地图如何标注-房地产商场地图标记【DiTuBiaoZhu.net】 | 北京遮阳网-防尘盖土网-盖土草坪-迷彩网-防尘网生产厂家-京兴科技 |